Have you recently spotted white flakes on your pooch's normally soft, silky fur? Your dog may have dandruff, which could indicate health problems. Learn about signs of and treatment for dandruff from our Stockton vets in this post.
Do dogs really get dandruff?
Dogs can get dandruff! Like their humans, dandruff is the result of dead skin cells flaking off at a more prolific rate than usual. It then settles on the hair or fur on your pet's body. In dogs, these dry flakes tend to collect on the back (particularly near the tail), and you might even notice them when you're petting your dog or giving them scratches.
Just like your own skin, your dog's skin has oil-producing glands to help keep the skin hydrated and supple. If the glands overproduce oil (also called sebum), this can lead to imbalances and dandruff. There are two types of seborrheic dermatitis: seborrhea sicca (which causes dry, flaky skin on dogs) and seborrhea (which results in oily skin).
Why does my dog have dandruff?
Dandruff can affect dogs of all breeds and stem from numerous causes, including genetic conditions (like primary seborrhea, seen in basset hounds and cocker spaniels). However, it is often caused by factors impacting a dog's health or environment.
So, if you're wondering, "Why do dogs get dandruff?", here is a non-exhaustive list of potential causes:
Dry Air
The winter months can leave dogs more vulnerable to dry skin, just like people. In a home with central ('forced') heat, this issue can be worse. If your pup's skin seems to be flaker in the winter, dry air could be the culprit.
External Parasites
While dry skin can certainly have your pup feeling itchy, many external parasites can take up residence on your dog's skin and make them very uncomfortable. The Cheyletiella mite is an infamous parasite that's large enough to see without a microscope and looks very much like white flakes and dandruff on a dog's fur, so much so that it's earned the nickname 'Walking Dandruff.'
If your dog's dandruff flakes move on their own, take your dog to your vet right away. Your veterinarian can provide any necessary treatment and recommend parasite prevention products. Some parasites (like mites) are easily transmitted to other pets living in the household, so it's important to have them treated and eliminated promptly.
Nutrition Issues
Improper food or an imbalanced diet can impact your dog's skin and coat. To keep your pooch's skin and hair as healthy as possible and looking silky-smooth, feed it foods with with fatty acids (e.g. omega 3s and omega 6s). Only your veterinarian is qualified to tell you if your pet requires supplemental nutrients, so consult a professional first before giving your pet supplements or changing their diet.
Skin Infections
Bacterial and fungal skin infections can also be the cause of dandruff on your dog, as they are adept at taking advantage of damage or weaknesses in your pooch's skin. These underlying conditions will have to be treated appropriately to address the dandruff issue.
Allergies
Skin problems are usually one of the first signs of an allergic reaction to food or something in your dog's environment. Dogs with allergies may be flakier and itchier at different times of the year, and dandruff usually appears alongside other symptoms, such as recurring ear and skin infections.
Hormonal Conditions
Internal conditions like Cushing's or hypothyroidism can affect your dog's skin health, which, along with a compromised immune system, can make them more susceptible to secondary infections.
Idiopathic (Spontaneous) Seborrhea
If the cause of your dog's dandruff can't be determined, it may be classified as 'idiopathic,' which means that the underlying cause is not yet identified. However, your vet should still be able to give you more advice on the management of your pet's condition.
Although dandruff is annoying and can be uncomfortable for many dogs, if it is mild or seasonal, it is usually not a cause for concern. If, however, your pet exhibits signs of dry, flaky skin along with these symptoms, head to the vet for a physical examination:
- Itchiness
- Skin odor
- Excessive dandruff
- Loss of hair/fur
- Irritated, red skin
- Excessive licking of paws or legs
- Signs of feeling unwell or being uncomfortable
Your dog's symptoms and your vet's findings will determine the next course of action, which could include further diagnostic testing to confirm any issues such as underlying health problems, allergic reactions, or potential parasites.
Regardless of the cause, it's important to treat dandruff in dogs, as frequent scratching could lead to abrasions and secondary skin infections if bacteria penetrate tiny openings in the skin.
Treatment for Dog Dandruff
Luckily, most milder cases of dog dandruff can be addressed with at-home treatment options. Your vet may also provide instructions and guidelines. These helpful tips can include:
- Grooming your pet regularly to ensure their skin isn't overly oily and removes dead hair. Check with your vet before using grooming products on your dog.
- Bathing your dog. This can help with dandruff outbreaks and bacterial and fungal skin infections. Your vet may prescribe a medicated shampoo for your dog. Follow the instructions carefully. Don't over-bathe your dog, as this could make the dandruff worse!
- Giving your dog supplements. While doing this can help, be aware that many commercial supplements are not heavily regulated for pets. Ask your vet for recommendations.
- Using a humidifier in your home if the air is dry. During winter months especially, your dog (and your family!) could find this helpful for preventing dry skin.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.
